How Does Physiotherapy Support Pre- and Post-Operative Recovery?
Physiotherapy plays a vital role in both preparing for surgery and enhancing recovery afterward. Whether a person is undergoing joint replacement, spinal surgery, or soft tissue repair, working with a physiotherapist before and after the procedure can lead to significantly better outcomes. This article explores how physiotherapy supports patients across each stage of their surgical journey.
The Role of Pre-Operative Physiotherapy
Also known as “prehabilitation,” pre-operative physiotherapy aims to optimise a patient’s physical condition prior to surgery. This process often involves:
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Strengthening muscles around the affected area to improve joint stability and reduce recovery time.
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Improving range of motion, flexibility, and circulation, which supports faster tissue healing after surgery.
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Education and training on post-operative exercises and mobility aids (e.g., crutches or walkers), so patients are familiar with them before the surgery.
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Respiratory exercises, especially for those undergoing abdominal or thoracic surgery, to help prevent post-operative complications such as pneumonia.
By improving fitness and preparing the body, pre-operative physiotherapy has been shown to reduce hospital stays, improve surgical outcomes, and lower the risk of complications.
Physiotherapy in the Immediate Post-Operative Phase
After surgery, physiotherapy begins as soon as it is medically safe—sometimes within 24 hours. The goals of early post-operative physiotherapy include:
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Pain management through manual therapy, guided movements, and modalities such as heat or cold therapy.
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Preventing complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pneumonia, and joint stiffness through early mobilisation and breathing exercises.
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Restoring mobility and function, beginning with gentle range-of-motion activities and gradually progressing to weight-bearing and strengthening exercises.
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Improving circulation and reducing swelling through elevation, compression, and controlled movements.
In hospital settings, physiotherapists work closely with surgeons, nurses, and occupational therapists to provide an integrated care plan tailored to the individual. Access to specialised physio services in Deakin can further support this phase, especially for patients transitioning from hospital to community-based rehabilitation, ensuring continuity of care and consistent progress tracking.
Ongoing Rehabilitation and Long-Term Recovery
Once discharged from hospital, patients typically continue physiotherapy through outpatient clinics or home visits. During this phase, treatment may focus on:
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Progressive strengthening and conditioning to restore muscle function and endurance.
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Balance and coordination training, especially important after orthopaedic surgeries such as knee or hip replacements.
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Gait retraining, helping patients return to walking confidently and safely with or without mobility aids.
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Sport or activity-specific rehabilitation, depending on the individual’s lifestyle and recovery goals.
Patients in Canberra and surrounding areas can benefit from dedicated physio treatments around Yarralumla, where practitioners offer tailored recovery programs based on the type of surgery and individual progress. Physiotherapists also monitor progress, adjust treatment plans, and provide motivation and reassurance throughout the recovery process.
Benefits of Physiotherapy in Surgical Recovery
Engaging in physiotherapy as part of a comprehensive surgical plan can offer several benefits:
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Faster return to daily activities and independence
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Improved surgical outcomes and joint function
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Lower risk of re-injury or complications
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Reduced reliance on pain medication
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Enhanced confidence and mental wellbeing during recovery
Tailored Support for Different Surgeries
Physiotherapy can be adapted to suit a wide range of procedures, including:
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Orthopaedic surgeries (e.g., total knee or hip replacements, ACL repairs)
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Spinal surgeries (e.g., laminectomy, spinal fusion)
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Cardiac and thoracic surgeries, where breathing techniques and progressive exercise are essential
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Abdominal or pelvic surgeries, which may involve core reconditioning and posture correction
Conclusion
Physiotherapy is a critical component of both pre- and post-operative care. It helps to prepare the body, promote healing, and support a safe and effective return to normal activity. By working with qualified physiotherapists, patients can take proactive steps to enhance their recovery and long-term outcomes. Whether surgery is planned or already completed, consulting a physiotherapy professional can make a significant difference in the journey toward full rehabilitation.
